Cystitis in medical practice is called an inflammatory process that occurs in the bladder.Cystitis is usually a female disease.But this is not true.Representatives of stronger genders are also affected by the disease.How the symptoms of cystitis in men are manifested and how to treat them correctly will be discussed in this article.
Anatomical information
The bladder is one of the main organs of the urine system and is designed to collect urine.In the last process, the walls of organs with the base of the muscle play an important role, so they are able to stretch.However, the mucosa of the bladder is often injured or exposed to infectious agents.This leads to various diseases.The lower part of the bladder is called the neck.The urethra (urethra) comes out of the neck.Two ureters flow into the upper part - the passageway from which the urine comes from the kidney.
Signs of cystitis in men
First, acute cystitis can feel acute pain when urinating, and sometimes radiate in the rectum.Especially at the beginning and end of urination, there is particularly much pain.Furthermore, symptoms of cystitis include pain in the lower abdomen, pubic bone, independent of urination, but they can be exacerbated with this process.The amount of urine emitted may be very small (10-15 ml), but the number of urination impulses can reach several times within an hour.After urination, there is a feeling that the bladder is not completely empty.Similarly, for cystitis, urinary incontinence and urination commands are usually present.The intensification of this disease is usually accompanied by increased temperatures, signs of body poisoning (discomfort, headache).
Other symptoms of cystitis:
- Changes in urine,
- Blood, mucus, pus or protein in urine,
- The unpleasant smell of urine.
Usually, urine reflux occurs due to the disease.This is the name of the process by which urine enters the ureter and then enters the kidneys, which leads to the disease of nephritis of the kidney.In the absence of treatment, acute cystitis converts to a chronic form.Chronic cystitis is characterized by aggravation during the alternative remission period (about 2-3 times per year).During the remission, the symptoms of the disease do not actually appear.Interstitial cystitis is a serious form of chronic cystitis.As the disease varies, worsening occurs frequently and patients continue to suffer from pain in the groin.
diagnosis
In the presence of signs, the probability is high, indicating cystitis, and you should contact your urologist.During the preliminary examination, doctors usually check the patient's genitals and check the prostate before anal palpation.This allows you to establish or rule out cystitis links in men with other diseases of male reproductive organs.Diagnosis is mainly conducted through general analysis of urine.Because of the high content of white blood cells, cystitis can be confirmed.Sometimes, the defining characteristics may be the presence of red blood cells, bacteria, epithelial cells, and protozoa.Completed too:
- General and biochemical blood tests,
- Nechiporenko's urine analysis,
- Seed urine to identify infectious agents.
If sexually transmitted infection is suspected, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) studies are performed.The UZI of the bladder is invalid because it requires a filled bladder and the patient cannot fill it due to a given disease.However, ultrasound of the kidney and prostate may be useful because they help identify the accompanying disease.Cystoscopy, urodynamic studies, uroscience (study on high-speed parameters of urethra and urine), MRI and other methods were performed.Cistoscopicy is an endoscopy.It helps identify stones and tumors in the bladder and performs biotherapy for analysis.Cystitis must be distinguished from diseases such as bladder tumors and prostate tumors.
Cystitis: What is a man
Cystitis is an inflammatory disease that includes irritation and damage to the bladder wall.Cystitis is actually something women are more likely to suffer.There are at least 10 fairness representatives in this disease, about 2-3.For male representation, only 1% of people have cystitis of any form.In most cases, these are men over 45 years of age.The difference in disease frequency among genders is explained by physiological differences in their urogenital structures.First, men have a long urethra.However, due to the active immune cells, the walls of the urethra are an extremely difficult obstacle to pathogenic microorganisms.In addition, in men, the holes in the urethra are very far from the anus, so the passages from the anus into the pathogenic microbial bacteria are actually excluded.
However, infection can not only enter the bladder from the outside through the urethra.In some cases, male cystitis is the result of kidney or prostate disease.Generally speaking, cystitis is not always infectious.But if we are talking about infectious cystitis, then the most common one is bacterial cystitis, less fungi.Cystitis is even less frequent due to multicellular parasites.Most commonly, infectious cystitis is the result of E. coli action (80%).The causes of this disease may also be:
- Fakes,
- staphylococcus,
- Proteus,
- Gonococci,
- Chlamydia,
- Trichomonades,
- Mycoplasma.
Cystitis may be a complication of tuberculosis
Infectious cystitis caused by caterpillar, chlamydia, mycoplasma, gonococcal, Koch rod is called specificity.Nonspecific cystitis is a disease caused by conditional pathogenic bacteria that continues to expand in the body.Frequent varieties of cystitis are caused by purple, actinomycetes and schistosomiasis.The pathways of pathogenic microorganisms falling into the bladder may vary.According to its differences, cystitis is divided into descending, ascending, lymphogenesis and hematogenicity.Ascending options for infection (from the urethra) in male patients are rare.Cystitis is most common in men (in the case of kidney infection) as well as hematogenous and lymphatic development.There are also non-infectious cystitis.They may be caused by:
- Operation or diagnostic procedures on the bladder;
- The effect of radiation on the body, for example, radiation therapy of the prostate;
- For example, stones cause bladder damage;
- Chemicals excreted in the urine and cause irritation of the bubble mucosa.
In addition, cations are divided into primary and secondary.In the first case, the disease begins on its own directly in the bladder.In the second cytokinesis, it is caused by some other pathological processes in the body.Secondary cystitis is in turn divided into free-form and extraordinary origin cystitis.For example, stones and tumors in the bladder of this organ are causes indoors, and diseases of other organs (prostate adenoma, pyelonephritis) are extracurricular.If the inflammatory area is a urinary triangle, this cystitis is called a delta.Similarly, cervix and diffuse cystitis are secreted according to the location of the inflammation.Using cervicitis, inflammation was observed only in the bladder neck.The diffuse form of the disease is manifested in inflammation throughout the wall of the organ.According to the degree of impact of the bubble wall, distinguish the following forms of cystitis:
- Qatar,
- Bleeding,
- Cystic,
- ulcer
- Floating blood,
- gangrene.
The lightest shape affects only the surface layer of the wall, is Katahar.If gangrene occurs, the pathological process leads to necrosis of the wall.To determine the extent of the disease, cystoscopy was used with subsequent biopsy.Factors that cause cystitis in men:
- Hypothermia;
- Reduce immunity;
- pressure;
- Conscious urine delay, rare bladder clearance;
- Kidney disease, prostate;
- Not compliant with personal hygiene rules;
- Diseases are accompanied by the occurrence of focal infections (tonsillitis, sinusitis, pleural disease, dental disease, etc.).
- Spine injury;
- diabetes;
- alcoholism.
Complications of cystitis may be varicose veins (inflammation of tissues around the bladder), pyelonephritis, sclerosis of the bladder wall, perforation of the bubble wall, inflammation of the kidney (as a result of bubble anti-edema).
Treatment of cystitis
Usually, treatment is performed at home.If hemorrhagic or gangrene forms of the disease are observed or acute urinary rate is observed, the direction of the hospital for acute cystitis can be observed.The main treatment methods for cystitis are drugs.Although other techniques can be used, such as physical therapy (UHF, electrophoresis, ultrasound, magnetic and laser therapy, dirt), bladder flushing has antibacterial effects.If the disease is accompanied by high temperatures, the patient needs rest.The calorie attachment to the groin area (except bleeding and tuberculosis cystitis).
An important part of treatment is diet.This patient is contraindicated for salty, fat, fried, acute and acidic foods, and alcohol.On the other hand, it is necessary to consume more diuretics.Many vegetables and fruits have the following characteristics: watermelon, melon, cherry, cucumber.Apples, cranberries and leafy fruit drinks are also recommended - they increase the anti-adhesion properties of the bladder mucosa, which means it is difficult to attach bacteria to the walls of air bubbles.Phytocha and Lingonberries are undoubtedly.It is important not to forget the large amount of drinks - patients drink at least 2 liters of pure water per day.During the period of cystitis, it is recommended to give up smoking.In gangrene cystitis (chronic cystitis caused by prostate adenoma), surgical treatment was used.
Drugs for treating male cystitis
Drug therapy can be evil or symptomatic.The course of treatment is intended to counteract pathogens of pathogens.The purpose of symptomatic treatment is to relieve unpleasant symptoms - pain and cramps.If the cause of the disease is a bacterial infection, the process of taking antibiotics is required.Fluoroquinolones are most commonly used.The admission period is usually one week.Before choosing an antibiotic treatment regimen, it is necessary to study the type of pathogen and its resistance to antibiotics.Preparations of plant anti-inflammatory and antibacterial ingredients, grass, horsetail soup and St. John’s wort are also frequently used.Another class of drugs used in this disease are spastic drugs that help relieve spasms and are caused by pain.To relieve symptoms of pain and inflammation, NSAID is also used.Due to severe pain, the Novicaine lockdown was used.It is also recommended to take vitamins - to increase the resistance of infected bodies.
prevention
The fact that men have relatively few cystitis does not mean that they should not be kept in mind in the heart of the occurrence of this disease, not only should it be very unpleasant, but also significantly reduced quality of life, and the fact that this disease should not be kept in the absence of proper treatment (e.g., from cystitis, e.g., Emperor peter i I). However, the preventive measures are simple - you should monitor personal hygiene, immunity levels, avoid hypothermia, go to the toilet regularly, avoid urethral stagnation, cure infectious diseases, promptly cure infection symptoms, and thus produce local infection - sinusitis, pneumonia and tonsillitis, visit urologists and researchers regularly.